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YET ENGLISH:  How to use
YET YOUR ESL TEACHER - UNTIL
​WHICH WORD?

By / Until

Used with "time"
for specific situations related to “time”.

YET YOUR ESL TEACHER - AUDIO

by

  • not later than
    (a specified time) 


  • something could be completed before
    ​(a specific time)
EXAMPLES:
​
  1. The operation will be completed by 10:00 pm. It might be completed before 10:00 p.m. 

  2. We will arrive in Miami by 6:00 a.m. We might arrive sooner, but for sure not after 6:00 a.m.  

  3. I’ll be there by 5. I might arrive earlier than 5, but not after.  
    ​
  4. I hope to learn English by the time I finish the university. Maybe I will learn it before.

until

  • up to
    (a particular time)
    ​
  • a period of (specific time) 
EXAMPLES:
​
  1. I’m going to study English tonight until 10, and then I will go out for a beer. 
    From now –> 10 you will be studying.


  2. He will study for the test for 3 hours.  From 3:00 p.m until 6:00 p.m.

  3. I will stay at the party until it is over.

  4. I will study English until I learn it.
Note: By

Usually answers the question “When” in the future tense.

  • When will the project be finished?  
    By November.


  • When will you arrive at the party?  
    By 6 for sure.


  • When will you call me?  
    By Thursday.  I promise.
    ​

​NOTE: Until

Usually answers the question "How long"

  • How long will you be working on the project?  
    Until November.

  • How long will it take you to finish the report?    
    Until 3 this afternoon.


  • How long were you in New York?    
    Until it started snowing then I went to Florida. 

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        • GD: IF - WOULD
        • GD: INTERESTED IN + VERB + ING
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        • How
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      • CLAUSES
      • COMPARISON >
        • adj + er than
        • as (adj) as
        • the same as
        • more + adj + than
        • the .... est ( most and worst)
        • good - better - best
      • CONDITIONAL TENSE >
        • if & would
      • CONNECTORS >
        • even if + pronoun
      • COUNT NON-COUNT NOUNS
      • PREPOSITIONS
      • PAST PERFECT
      • PRESENT PERFECT
      • ESL GRAMMAR - OTHER >
        • to be thinking about + verb + ing
        • to think + sentence
        • There is
        • was/were + going to + verb
    • PRONUNCIATION >
      • ED = T
      • coulda shoulda woulda
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      • VERBS + TO + VERB
      • MODAL VERBS >
        • Should
      • PHRASAL VERBS
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